From a suggestion by member Frances Heales:
Hearth taxes (property tax) were collected in England and Wales from 1662-1689. Scotland’s was from 1691-1695 and Ireland’s into the early 1800s. The head of the household was noted, how many hearths, and whether they had paid or not.
It also included those exempted from paying such as the poor. This would be a kind of census for our use. Other countries also levied this tax. Some of this info is digitized and is online.